Theories Regarding The Tourism Industry

Theories Regarding The tourism IndustryCHAPTER 2LITERATURE survey2.1 IntroductionThe purpose of this chapter is to review the key literature and the connect theories regarding the touristry diligence . The focus will be the medical examination tourism/ healthc ar services theories of competitiveness . The key findings be based on the pertinency of the literature to the purpose and scope of study.2.2 Main theories of TourismThe research related to the tourism industry is associated with the two main theories. These theories are related to the tourists addiction of moving from one place to other in terms of leisure, medical services, business purpose etc.2.2.1 Modernization TheoryTourism is a process of temporary turn tailment of people from real to developing countries from the sight of the modernization theory. The ability to experience and understand other cultures without abandoning the modern order and traditions will lead to increase in the number of tourists from the developed countries. Tourists from the developed countries are much likely to enjoy the culture of the developing countries deep down the structure of the modern societies.2.2.2 Push-Pull TheoryAccording to this theory, some people move because they are pushed out of their own place, others move because they are haul uped or attracted to another(prenominal) place. Ravenstein (1889) concluded that pull factors were important than push factors. Oppressive laws, high taxes, giving climate and uncomfortable surroundings forces people to migrate.Individuals desiring to require leisure suck the option of selecting a place that best meets their standards, and are attracted towards those places because of what it has to offer. Thus pull factors are important in determining the destination for a tourist. Tradition eithery, atomic number 63 attracts a large number of tourists , but in the recent old age, Asia have been attracting the tourists, due to its unique cultural and social att ractions. This theory frames the hypothesis that the great the level of pull factors, the greater will be the increase in tourism.2.3 Tourism Industry of IndiaTourism is the largest growing service industry in India, contributing 6.23% to the national GDP and 8.78% to the total employment in India. India attracts more than 5 million annual foreign tourist arrivals and 527 million internal tourism visits .The tourism industry of India generated about US$100 meg in 2008 and is pass judgment to increase to US$275.5 billion by 2018 at a 9.4% annual growth rate. The 2010 Commonwealth Games in Delhi are expected to significantly increase tourism in India.2.3.1 Types of Tourism in Indiaa) record Tourism Indias geographical diversity results in varieties of nature tourism.Foreign tourists are attracted by the innate(p) beauty of India.Water falls in Hesperian Ghats including Jog falls (highest in India).Western GhatsKerala BackwatersHill StationsWildlife reservesb) Adventure Tourism It has also increased in recent years due to Indias climate and topography. Varieties of adventures on land, water and air can be found in India. The following are the types of adventure tourism in IndiaRiver RaftingMountain ClimbingRock ClimbingSkiingParaglidingBoat cannonball alongc) Wildlife Tourism Indias rich forest areas with unique species of wildlife attract foreign toursists for wildlife tourism in India such as the Ghana content Park and the Corbett National Park.d) Pilgrimage Tourism Indias famed cultural temples like the Golden synagogue and the Char Dham attracts foreign tourists from all over the world to visit India.e) health care Tourism India is one of the top healthcare services provider arena in the world with low cost treatment and high feel helathcare when compared to countries such as the U.S.A. and the U.K.f) Monument Tourism India is famous for its historic monuments all over the world. Large number of foreign tourists visit India to see the Taj M ahal, the Qutub Minar, ablaze(p) Fort and the Gateway of India.g) Eco Tourism India has a variety of preserved natural areas which attracts tourists for eco tourism in india . The Gir National Park and the Kaziranga National Park are some natural preserved areas.h) Beach Tourism India is also famous for its beaches in Chennai , Goa and Mumbai. Tourists visit these places to enjoy the beautiful beaches along the coastline.2.4 Healthcare Tourism in IndiaHealthcare Tourism is one of the major growing industry in India. The Economic Times (6 January 2009) reported that Indias medical tourism arena is expected to have an annual growth rate of 30%, reservation it a Rs. 9,500-crore industry by 2015. The Indian Express (18 September 2006) estimates of the value of healthcare tourism to India are expected as high as $2 billion a year by 2012.The key advantages of India in attracting the foreign medical tourists are-Low Costs of Medical TreatmentAvailablity of pass on medical technologie sAchievement of International Quality Standards in Healthcare serveThe Chicago Tribune (28 March 2008) reported that Healthcare treatment costs in India are low in price as compared to the treatment in U.S.A and U.K. The most popular treatments in India include heart surgery, bone-marrow transplant, cardiac bypass, nerve centre surgery and hip replacement.Indian healthcare service providers in India comprises of many an(prenominal) Hospital groups like- Apollo Hospitals and Fortis Healthcare who are the major contributors of Indias success in international market for healthcare tourism. many a(prenominal) Indian hospitals have been certified from the British Standards Institute and Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organisations . The Indian urban center of Chennai has been declared Indias Health Capital because of its contribution of 45% of medical tourists from overseas and 30-40% of domestic health tourists.The Economic Times (18 November 2008) reported that India has developed into a hub for medical tourists seeking grapheme healthcare at an affordable cost. tight 4,50,000 foreigners sought medical treatment in India last year. A cardiac surgery in India would cost 9000 USD than the cost of 75000 USD to 100,000 USD in U.S.A. A gad surgery would cost around 8000-9000 USD in India than the cost of 65000 USD in U.S.A. A joint replacement would cost 8000 USD in India than the cost of 55000-65000 USD in U.S.A.Many Indian hospitals are promoting their international quality of healthcare services by joining international accreditation agencies to obtain the necessary approvals on safety and quality services.