Impact of Charley on Willy Loman in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman :: Death Salesman essays

Impact of Charley on Willy in death of a Salesman Charley had a huge impact on Willy in the convey Death of a Salesman. Willy is jealous of Charleys success. Repeatedly, Willy would go to Charleys to borrow money to f wholly in the bills. Biff and Happy were failures Willy refuses to recognize this because Bernard, Charleys son was so successful. Charleys effect on Willy has caused him to become extremely spiteful. At the end of every week, Mr. Loman found himself at Charleys feet, begging him for money. Charley continually gave him the money to keep him quiet. This is ironic because Willy thinks that he is so much better accordingly Charley, when in fact he was retributive incredibly jealous. When Willy was fired from his play, his only friend Charley offered him a job. Willy reprimanded Charley for insulting him. This do a very clear assertion of Willys jealousy. In Willys eyes, his children were remarkable. They were, popular, good at sports, and in specialiseig ent. When in reality Biff and Happy were rapidly declining. Charley would try to tell Willy about his kids. Willy never listened because it pained him to see Bernard more successful then Biff and Happy. Charley was content with his life. His son was happily married with two sons. His job was going great. Willy on the other hand was scared of life itself. He lied to his family and Charley about everything. Repeatedly he contradicted himself. He said that propertyless workers were stupid and were not going anywhere. However, he would brag to Charley about all the work he did around the house. Willy was never happy with what he had. He always thought he could have better.

Investigating the Kinetics of the reaction between Iodide ions and Pero

PLANNINGInvestigating the kinetics of the chemical reply between Iodide ions and Peroxodisulphate (VI) ionsBy the use of an single clock reaction I hope to obtain the length of time taken for Iodine ions (in potassium iodide) to react fully with Peroxodisulphate ions (in potassium Peroxodisulphate). I will do three sets of experiments changing first the concentration of iodide ions, then the concentration of Peroxodisulphate ions and lastly the temperature of the solution in which the reaction is taking place. From these results, I hope to baffle conclusions as to the gear ups of these changes to the environment of the reaction on the commit and likewise determine the differentiate of the reaction and the activation enthalpy.Background informationThe measure of a reaction is determined by a number of factors. These imply pressure, temperature, concentration of reactants, surface ara of reactants, presence of a catalyst and radiation.The effect of these factors can be exp lained using collision theory. Reactions occur when the reactant particles collide, provided the colliding particles have decent cleverness for the reaction to take place. As the molecules approach their electron clouds repel. This requires energy the minimum amount of which is called the activation enthalpy - and comes from translational, vibrational, and rotational energy of apiece molecule. If there is enough energy available, this repulsion is overcome and the molecules get bordering enough for attractions between the molecules to cause a rearrangement of bonds and accordingly an effective reaction has taken place. The more than collisions of particles with kinetic energy over the activation enthalpy that occur, the faster the overall reaction. During this investigation I am focusing on the effect of temperature and concentration while aiming to maintain other rate ascertain factors at a constant level in order to see to it reliable results.Effect of concentration Takin g the collision theory into aim the effect of concentration is simple in that the more particles of the reactants there are in the same area of space the more likely the collisions and therefore the faster the overall reaction. The following equation has been determined through experiment showing that the rate of a reaction depends on concentration of reactants ARate AnWhere n is a constant called the order of the reaction. T... ... designate the temperatures of all(prenominal) experiment and take into consideration how this may affect the results. Also, it is important to record the start and end tempertaure of the solution during the temperature-focused experiments because higher temperature lose their heat more quickly and if the temperature drops during the time of the reactions this information has to be involved in purpose the average temperature.PredicationsI portend that the higher the concentration of the reactants the higher the rate of the reaction.I predict that th e higher the temperature of the reactants the higher the rate of the reaction. I predict that the order of the reaction with respect to I- ions will be 1 and the order of the reaction with repect to S2O82-ions will also be 1 giving a overall order for the reaction of 2. This is information obtained from data books and backed up by information from the internet. (see references)I predict that the activation energy of the reaction will be 52.9 kJ mol-1. This information is taken from the ILPAC Resource Pack for march on Practical Chemistry and is for the uncatalysed reaction between iodide ions and peroxodisulphate ions.

Gesture Bullying Contains

BULLYING BOSSES 1. How does work hoodluming violate the rules of organizational justice? Bullying is inappropriate circumstance that affects one or more persons against another or others, at the piece of work and consequences could be mental and physical. All employees including supervisors and upper management efficacy be involved in determent behavior both intentional or unintentional. Workplace bullying apprise violate the company rules through vocal bullying, gesture bullying, physical bullying, exclusion etc. (Harassment Workplace Bullying Policy, n. ) literal bullying is situation where one or more persons use vocal techniques to dominate others saying hurtful words that forget humiliate and corrupt an individual or group. Verbal bullying can affect somebodys psychological and emotional life and cause depression, low vanity etc. Gesture bullying contains treating messages through non-verbal frightening gestures which can declaration with anger, baronless and exha ust. Physical bullying affects dupe and the bully as well. It is presented by hitting, pushing, slapping, tripping etc.The exclusion is isolating the person in work activities either sociable or physically. 2. What aspects of motivation might workplace bullying castrate? For example, are they likely to be effects on an employees ego-efficiency? If so, what might those effects be? Do you think bullying would motivate you to avenge? Workplace bullying absolutely would reduce the motivation to work as a team or individually. More often people with bully behavior use their popularity to orient those with weaker self-defending skills.Simple, bullied dupes would lower the quality and quantity of work, d takesize the self-motivation and smell miserable even in their personal life. Bullying can dissolving agent with emotionally and physical pain, lot of confusion, and least with suicide. The employee has to report any guinea pig of discrimination without any fear of retaliation. Al though, when an employee decides to retaliate, that must be without threating, fighting or any type of abusing because that will be used against him. 3. If you were a victim of workplace bullying, what steps would you take to try to reduce its occurrence? least(prenominal) effective? What will you do if one of your colleagues were a victim? If I was a victim of workplace bullying the first step that I will take is uphold calm and confident in my self trying to prove that their rumors cannot hurt me. At the beginning the outdo appearance to have peace of mind is to avoid the bullies and try to go on spots where they are not going. The least effective step to stay away of the bully issue is to handle this situation on my own without emotions, crying and suffering. With a coolly and calm outlook I will confuse them, make to file horrible about them self.Once I was in situation where my colleague vas a victim of bullying. He was so desperate and lost that obviously was affecting his emotional life too. My best advice to him was to response with kindness smiling and not to go alone anywhere at the company so they will make fewer comments. When the victim is in a group, the group could help him to bear the temper better, and control any unwanted action 4. What factors do you believe contribute to workplace bullying? Are bullies a product of the situation or do they have flawed personalities?What situation and what personality factors might contribute to the movement of bullies? Bullying at the workplace is serious issue that causes unwanted effects. thither is a variety of factors why bullying is existing in organizations. I think that major reason for bullying is the organizational culture. pack with divers(prenominal) values beliefs and behavior could work at the same place and bullying seems normal occurrence where majority of employees with similar behavior will target minor employees. Another factor that causes bullying is the usage of the employees po wer over those who are weaker and vulnerable.The bullies are self-focused narcissistic individuals without cooperation toward other coworkers. They are product of the situation and flawed personality as well. No matter what, they can steer to high point, and will step over anyone to achieve their goal. People become bullies because they want to feel self-worthy. Most often people desperately need attention. In order to hide their physiological unbalance they are looking for weak victims to control them and protect their ego. References Workplace Bullying Policy. Retrieved from http//www. shrm. org/TemplatesTools/Samples/Policies/Pages/CMS_018350. aspx

Scale Effects Development and the Flattening of the Globe

Economic evolution ordure be viewed from two angles. For umpteen decades, economists had put primary importance on actor endowments, near stinting policies, and democratic institutions, as the main determinants of stinting development. Some economists though refused to seize the hypothesis which states that stinting development is the only musical rhythm of institutional expertness and real potential growth. They argued that some variables, like climate and geography, can grant significant bearing on the developmental course of a rude (hence, the term scale effects development is used to describe the spirit level or extent of regional variables used as a measure of frugal growth). Hence, it is possible that these variables actually dictate the general framework of the economic policies of a country. Alternative Hypotheses Masters and McMillan (2001) tested this hypothesis by spirit at a sample of 90 rich and poor countries.The authors think that one factor differentiat ing developed countries from poor ones is the frequency of winter frosts. winter frosts reduce borne diseases and kill plant parasites. Frosts also allow agricultural lands to envision a seasonal buildup of organic matter, leading to rich, fertile topsoil. In short, frosts elevate economic development Acemoglu et al (2001) argued that countries with low mortality rates go through economic development.Investigating a variety of 17th to 19th coke European colonial strategies, the author found that where colonist mortality was low, because geography and climate were conducive to health, Europeans moved in and established severe institutions. Places where settler mortality was high, because of bad geography and diseases, Europeans stayed away and created bad institutions. Whether the institutions are good and bad, it was noted that geography and climate has a significant bearing on the pattern of cosmea distribution of income.Countries with good institutions (as a result of good geography) occupy high levels of income those with bad institutions (as a result of bad geography) have low levels of income. global Trade, Resource Availability and Land Use International patronage has resulted to the smoothing of economic transactions among countries with different socio-politico-economic systems. This smoothing process can be seen as the overall end of the modernization process. Modernization requires the removal of trade barriers, privatization of government corporations, and most importantly, the establishment of an efficient resource base.Modernization can be an effective mode for economic development if all countries tangle its basic principles. In addition, the platform of modernization only works if the factor endowments of a particular country (land an, capital, and labor) are utilized efficiently and transfer to other countries (comparative advantage). In short, modernization as a process makes the economic world smaller and vulnerable to market fluc tuations. The World is Flat Friedman (2005) recounts a journey to Bangalore, India, after he realized globalization has changed core economic concepts.He suggests the world is flat in the sense that globalization has leveled the rivalrous playing fields between industrial and emerging market countries (in wrong of income and comparative advantage). In his opinion, this flattening is a product of a convergence of world economic integration and scale effects development. He termed this period as Globalization 3. 0, differentiating this period from the previous Globalization 1. 0 (which countries and governments were the main mechanisms for growth and development) and the Globalization 2. 0 (which multinational companies led the way in whimsical global integration).

Practicum Evaluation Summary Essay

The practicum erudition pact form ond between the masters of Science in treat (MSN) student and the instructor was approved for the goal to actualize in the usance of a nurse educator at the domiciliary reformation weapons platform at the Orlando antiques Affairs Medical Center (VAMC). The population of the Domiciliary Residential Rehabilitation platform is vets with multiple and severe medical conditions, psychical illness, addiction, or psychosocial deficits. Military-related posttraumatic stress disorder (posttraumatic stress disorder) can negatively affect the antiques well-being (Health go Administration, 2010). The c be ineluctably of the care for supply were assessed to identify the need for the breedingal course of instruction in the replenishment program. pass on development, implementation and paygrade of a program to cleanse the veterans quality-of-life were the objectives to provide the beat outcomes of a pedagogy/ study program.The encyclopae dism agreement included the strategies to accomplish the objective with an established time-line and self- pensive journal to invite the best outcomes. Professional relationships were established with a wise man and networking with the organization improved pro progress capabilities at the Orlando VAMC. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the project produced positive outcomes to improve the veterans quality of life. The role of a leader use narrate-based decision-making and applied estimable standards. The importance of breast feeding surmisal provided the principles to generate breast feeding familiarity and create rehearses to help the veterans who are affected by PTSD. The practicum meet heighten the role as a nurse educator to improve cost-effective breast feeding practices for the veterans at the VA Medical Center.Effectiveness of spewThe project began with an idea victimisation a practicum project brainstorm worksheet ( accompaniment A). The take aiming objectives were established, and a timeline was used to observe a deadline for completion (Appendix B). Each learning objective used skin rashs taxonomy for collar learning domains cognitive/ noesis ( psychic learning), affective/attitudes (growing tactility learning) and psychomotor skills (manual/physical learning) (DeYoung, 2009). The starting learning objective analyzed peer-reviewed literature and evidence-based research to identify the disease process and formulation of best practices (Burns & axerophthol Groves, 2009). An extensive reference base was conducted and used to draft a needs opinion that was discussed with the mentor, mental wellness team, nurse manager, and educator (T. Russell, H. Ortiz, D. Hopson, personal communication, Summer, 2013). Their undergo feedback was practical in completing an effective outcome to the objective.The next learning objective was to design the educational program victimisation a PowerPoint presentation, hand-outs, knowledge discharge , and final evaluation. A indoctrinateing plan clearline with learning objectives followed Veteran Affairs Health Administration procedures for quality and performance (Orlando VAMC, 2013). A analysis of the program was presented and approved by administration. Implementation of the learning program was arrange with approval of management. A flyer was created to announce the class dates and times. All three shifts on the rehabilitation department were provided a verbal pre-test and lectured on the topic. numerous opportunities for open-discussion helped the staff explore their own beliefs and accepts to improve their knowledge and skills.The post-tests were scored and found a positive correlation to learning and accomplishing the program objectives. The VAMC evaluation tool was used to score the course and instructor. Self-reflective journaling helped to identify strong suits and weaknesses of the program and educational activity techniques used. The results were shared with the mentor who provided encouragement to learn from the experience and build knowledge of performing as an educator. The outcomes of implementing the teaching program was completed and found to be winning in upward(a) nursing knowledge by providing evidence-based practice to enhance the veterans well-being.A final evaluation of the practicum learning used the Orlando VAMC evaluation form. The teaching program method was appropriate for learners. A detailed reflective analysis in the portfolio included results from a final meeting with the mentor, administration, mental health team, and educator. All favored the educational program to improve nursing standards of care for veterans with PTSD in the rehabilitation program. Encouragement to expand the teaching to nursing staff on each(prenominal) mental health departments and in the orientation program for newly hired nursing military unit was do by the mental health chief nurse. The outcome had few strength and weaknesses in which to learn from. The weaknesses are personal areas of improvement that can be enhanced with continued experience as an educator, optional training support available at the VAMC and continued evaluations for improvement. Another weakness of the project was the petty(a) learning experience as compared to the nursing population at the VAMC.MSN Program Student Learning OutcomesA quality assessment process from streetwise journal reviews can provide the decision-making for new interventions in forbearing care. Evidence-based decision-making requires the integration of the best available research evidence addressing specific clinical questions (Kranke, 2010). A systematic review of literature was pooled to obtain data about PTSD issues. Prepared health passkeys use evidence to inform safe practice and account for positive patient care outcomes are the aim for auction pitch of health care. Competence, education and skills play a critical role in achieving safe patient care in a c omplex health care system. treat professionals have the role to ensure the translation of evidence into practice while evaluating outcomes. The demand for improved patient care and a safe health care delivery system is taught at the University of capital of Arizona and the Veterans Health Administration. take ups have a direct effect on patient care outcomes and quality (McLaughlin &type A Kaluzny, 2006). Influencing change is essential in some(prenominal) organization and a good change agent is required as a leader (Tomey, 2009).Analyzing and identifying the need to implement an educational course to teach nursing staff how to better care for veterans with PTSD requires the collection of data, using the right tools, preparing objectives, and evaluating the process of change. Advance nursing education has helped to gain the skills to key out and plan positive change to improve patient care outcomes. The principles of successful leadership are important in affecting change. Lea dership skills are necessary to drive and maintain change. Views on diversity can bring change to programs. Veterans bring their own set of beliefs and values to a diverse and multicultural environment. Providing relevant care is important for nurses to understand their own beliefs, purification and values as well as understanding the veterans views. Their rights to confidentiality and privacy are trusted by patients to be maintained by medical personnel. A code of ethics, moral philosophies and effective communication is learn in advance nursing education to help guide the decisions in meeting patient care needs (Burkhards & Nathaniel, 2008).Theory provides the theoretical account to structure and builds knowledge (Walker & Avant, 2005). Models can help to link research, education and practice. The change process is complex. nurse practice theories provide the framework for interventions and prophecy of outcomes. Theories can guide practices in nursing that focus on the discrepancy and similarities in respect to human care. Nursing theory provides the foundation to assess, measure and plan interventions. A theoretical perspective can help to meet the challenges of health care delivery and provide guidelines for nursing practices (Fitzpatrick & Whall, 2005). Nursing theory is essential in nursing research, education, practice, and development. Nursing theory helps to make up what is known and what needs to be known. The benefits include better patient care, enhanced professional status, improved communication, and guidance for research and education. Because care cannot be measured, theory can analyze it. Nursing models and theory are beneficial to the nursing practice.Development of Professional Nursing CareerThe project provided the opportunity to perform as a nurse educator and gain experience for advancement in this specialty. Involvement with nurse administrators, the mental health team, the nurse educators, and appurtenant staff pr ovided valuable opportunities to network. My work on the practicum project has advanced to expanding the program I created and the formal invite to join the mental health and rehabilitation team. The educational program has also advanced best practices of nursing personnel to perform with higher knowledge and skills. Years of nursing experience, expertise knowledge in mental health and gerontological nursing and the learning experience gained from the practicum project exposed me to knowledge and skills to take responsibility in leadership and advance my nursing career to a management level in the near future.ConclusionThe practicum project was a success in improving patient care for veterans who have PTSD at the rehabilitation program. The experience from achieving personal learning objectives was a rewarding experience. Performing as a nurse educator using evidence-based decision-making in creating and implementing a program at the Orlando VAMC was evaluated as effective and s afe in teaching best practices. lead story and advocating for ethical principles, addressing diversity and applying theory contributed to full development of my professional nursing career. The practicum experience has provided the knowledge, skills and experience to further advance my career in professional nursing.ReferencesBurkhards, M.A., Nathaniel, A.K. (2008). Ethics & Issues in contemporary nursing (3rd ed.). Clifton Park, NY Thomson Delmar.Burns, N., & Groves, S. K. (2009). The form of Nursing Research Appraisal, Synthesis, and Generation of Evidence (6th ed.). St. Louis, MO Elsevier. DeYoung, S. (2009). Teaching Strategies for Nurse Educators. Upper Saddle River, NJ Prentice Hall. Fitzpatrick, J. J., & Whall, A. (2005). Conceptual Models of Nursing Analyisis and application (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson Prentice Hall. Health Services Administration. (2010, November). Veterans have unique needs VA program to be specific to vets. mental Health Manageme nt Advisor, 15(11), 126-128. Retrieved from CINAHL database Kranke, P. (2010, September). Evidence-based practice how to perform and use systematic reviews for clinical decision-making, 27(9), 763-772. doi 10.1097/EJA.0b013e32833a560a McLaughlin, C. P., & Kaluzny, A. D. (2006). Quality improvement in healthcare (3rd ed.). Sudbury, MA Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Inc.. . doi Retrieved from Orlando VAMC. (2011, January 22). Quality management system (Medical Center form _or_ system of government 00Q-12). Orlando, FL VA Medical Center. Tomey, M. (2009). Guide to nursing management and leadership (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO Mosby. Walker, L., & Avant, K. (2005,). Strategies for Theory Constructions in Nursing, (5th ed). Upper Saddle River, NJ Prentice Hall.AppendixPracticum Project Brainstorm WorksheetThis worksheet must be completed prior to the first class meeting for NUR/590A. Identify a goal for the practicum project and more than one potential project idea.Practicum Goals To perform in the role of nursing educator at the Orlando Veterans Administration (VA) Domiciliary (Rehabilitation) Program by assessing and identifying learning needs of nursing staff related to assessment of, and caring for, veterans with military-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). To develop, implement and evaluate a nursing educational program for nursing staff that will address these learning needs and hopefully improve quality of life for these veterans and their families.Description of ProjectPotential Mentor and AgencyDraft Objectives (completed in Week One class)Project whim 1PowerPoint presentation and lectureCreate a program to condition nursing staff to learn and understand how to care for veterans with PTSD at the rehabilitation center using classroom lecture with PowerPoint presentation for all shifts.Michele Reed, JD,MSN,RN Orlando VAMC-Conduct a review of literature to use evidence-based nursing practices -Design a teaching/learning plan using a PowerPoi nt presentation, handout and test -Implement the program to the nursing staff at the Rehabilitation Center -Evaluate the teaching/learning program and practicum experienceProject Idea 2Self-learning guide and testCreate a program to educate nursing staff to learn and understand how to care for veterans with PTSD by developing a self-learning guide to PTSD care for veterans at the rehabilitation program.Michele Reed, JD,MSN,RN Orlando VAMC(Same as listed above)

Global Warming and Drought in The Southwestern U.S. Essay

Pumphrey (2008) rightly observed that until f nervous strainly recently, no one would bought the idea that the realitys mode was changing, let exclusively that it was been influenced by human activities. The first insight into what is today known as spheric change was first conceived by the Swedish scientist Arrhenius, who, late in the 19th century, suggested that the activities of the rapidly developing industries could answer the major planet to warm up. such(prenominal)(prenominal) ideas were often ignored, but everywhere the course of the 20th century, opinions ab outdoor(a) temper change, even rapid humor change were becoming more transparent (Pumphrey, 2008, p.1). As things stand now, there appears to be a growing plenitude of irrefutable evidences that point to the fact that human activities ar affecting the hot up/energy exchange between the earth, the airwave and space (Justus and Susan, 2006). The primary instance of orbicular climate change has been att ributed to the accumulation of carbon dioxide and other air pollutants in the earths atmosphere. These green house gases, as they are now known, form a blanket over the earth atmosphere, and then trapping the suns take fire inside the planet and causation it to warm up (National Resources Defense Council, 2007).A substantial population of the worlds scientist hold up addd that human activities, especially the burning of fogey fuels, sop up increased atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2) by 36% from pre-industrial levels of 280 part per million (ppm) to 380 ppm over the past 150 years, leading to an increase in global average temperature of 0. 9oF over the past 100 years. Consequently, there has been considerable increase in global average temperature and ocean levels, comes of sea water ice in the Artic and melting of the planets continental ice sheets and mountain glaciers (Justus and Susan, 2006).More frightening, however, is the assertion by scientists tha t if green house gases carry on to accumulate at the act rates, more rapid and devastating consequences could dissolver within a short pointedness of time. While scientists largely agree on the evidences pointing to a warming planet, the ghastliness and ramifications of its consequences is often a pillow slip of controversy, doubts and heated debates. The drouth in the Southwestern U. S posits one such example of the controversies and uncertainties surrounding the consequences of global warming. In the history of the Southwestern U.S. , drouth has been a relatively periodic occurrence, due to climate variability that characterizes this role. For example, afterwards reviewing the history of climate changes in the piece, Thompson and Anderson (2005) concluded that over the long term, the climate of the percentage is constantly changing and that in the 18,000 years since the last flash-frozen maximum the southwestern linked States has experienced conditions that ranged fr om practically colder to approximatelywhat tepid than today. Moisture conditions contribute also varied, both through time and crosswise the office (Thompson and Anderson, 2005).However, despite these assertions, scientists through several studies have pointed out that the present multi-year drouth in the region is non another result of climate variability but a consequence of climate change. They assert that the present climate situation might be the raw climate of the region and that thirsty and more sever drouths lies ahead if urgent measures are not taken. The proposed study intends to support and add weight to the contention that climate changes is already impacting the region and that increasing global warming allow increase the severity of drouth in the Southwestern U.S. Purpose Statement McNab and Karl (2003) observe that drouth is a complex phenomenon that can be very difficult to restrain. They contend that the problem with defining drought derives partially f rom the fact that the term could be approached from different perspectives. That, notwithstanding, the central theme that underlie any definition of drought is the absent or deficiency of water. However, they point out that to completely define drought, the component(s) of the hydrologic cycle affected by the water deficit and the time period associated with the deficit, must be specified.The Southwestern U. S is a region vulnerable to droughts due to its variable climatology that derives from its peculiar topography. The entire Southwestern states of the unify States fall into a climatic region generally known as the subtropics. These regions are known to be dry and susceptible to drought because the atmosphere moves water out of those regions into higher(prenominal) planes (Thompson, 2007). It is argued that the evaporation is higher in subtropics and the moist air from here is raptureed to temperate regions at higher latitudes.This climatic condition sometimes causes excessive sobriety (drought) in these regions. The infamous dust bowl conditions of the 1930s and the severe droughts of the 1950s are exemplary examples. Pointing out the vulnerability of the region, Davis (2007) observe that in some years, exceptional drought has engulfed the entire Plains from Canada to Mexico in other years, crimson conflagrations on weather maps have crept down the Gulf Coast to Louisiana or crossed the Rockies to the national Northwest (Davies, 2007).Based on this argument, it is convenient to describe the present drought in the region as a result of such climatic variability. Unfortunately, recent data on global warming indicate otherwise. Scientists have shown that this time, the drought in the region is not just a release phase in climatic conditions, it is a reality that has come to stay. It is evident that this time, it is the base climate that is changing and dire consequences looms ahead.Supporting the argument that the aridness in the Southwestern U. S is di fferent this time, Davis (2007), point out that Lake Powell had move by nearly eighty feet in three years, and crucial reservoirs on the Rio Grande were barely more than mud puddles. The Southwestern winter of 2005-06, meanwhile, was one of the driest on record, and Phoenix went 143 days without a single drop of rain.Noting that some scientists have regarded the present situations as the worst drought in five hundred years and with the several scientific evidences showing the link between global warming and severe drought, Davis concluded that the present climate condition is not simply episodic drought but the regions new normal weather (Davies, 2007). Statement of the Problem Both global warming and droughts omen grave dangers for both the region and the world at large. Despite the sometimes dissenting voices in the science world, there is unanimous certainty that the planet is warming up.The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in its 2007 root stated that it is unequivocal that the planet is heating up and that, with utmost certainty, the warming is caused by human activities. It is clearly understood that increased global temperatures will facilitate the propagation of certain deadly bacteria and the spread of diseases. For example, Kolivras and Andrew (2004) carried out a study that revealed that the presence and spread of four diseases hantavirus, plague, dengue and coccidiomycosis in the Southwestern U. S could be attributed to the increased in temperature in this region.Again, it is clear that higher global temperatures will lead to increase in the incidence and severity of droughts which will affect agricultural production, causing global food crisis. Also, the melting of continental and Artic ice, due to global warming, will cause flooding and other devastating problems that will affect millions of people globally. sour drought, on the other hand, also severely impacts a society. Besides the shortfall of food and water that charac terizes drought conditions, Davis (2007) also point out that drought rapidly destabilizes the natural ecosystem.Buttressing this fact, he observed that, without sufficient moisture to produce protective sap, millions of acres of pinyon and ponderosa pine have been ravaged by plagues of bark beetles these dead forests, in turn, have helped to chivy the firestorms that have burst into the suburbs of Los Angeles, San Diego, Phoenix and Denver, as well as destroyed part of Los Alamos (Davies, 2007). However, despite the frightening consequences of droughts and/or global warming, the real bed here is the mis understanding of the problem at hand.A clear understanding of the real cause and nature of the drought in the Southwestern United States will greatly help in containing the problem before it dumbfound out of hand. In a study for the Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Richard Seager and other scientists point out that all the models used for the third Assessm ent propound of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) indicated a general decrease in rainfall in the subtropics during the 21st century and slack drying up of the region with increasing concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (Seager et al, 2007).The present drought in the region is therefore, evidently a consequence of a much bigger problem, the realization of this fact is important in shaping familiar attitudes and opinions required for finding a lasting solution to the problem. Theoretical poser The states of the Southwestern United States fall in a climatic region known as the subtropics. The climate in these regions is characteristically dry because the atmosphere moves water out of these regions. Moist air from these regions is often transported to temperate regions at higher latitudes.This phenomenon is referred to as the Hadley cell (Thompson, 2007). This campaign of moist air away from subtropics induces rising air over the equator and descending a ir over the subtropics. The descending air over the subtropics suppresses precipitancy, which further increase dryness of the regions. With global warming, the blanket of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere heat up the air over the subtropics enabling it to carry and transport more moisture away from the region.Furthermore, with increasing global temperatures, Hadley cell (the flow of air out of the subtropics) expands pole ward, bringing the United States Southwestern region under the increasing influence of descending air, further compromising precipitation and further worsening drought. The link between reduced precipitation and drought was established by McNab and Karl (2003) who asserted that precipitation can be considered to be the carrier of the drought signal and stream flow and ground-water levels can be considered to be the last indicators of the occurrence of a drought (McNab and Karl, 2003).It has been argued that whilst past droughts in the region was because La Nina bro ught cooler ocean temperatures to the equatorial Pacific, which resulted in drier conditions over North America, the present drought is caused by changing climatic conditions characterized by increasing global temperatures that enable more moisture to be transported out of the region and suppressed precipitation.

Employe Loyalty in Hotel Essay

The essence of competition among hotels is the competition of humanity resource. If a radical of skilled, sophisticated, and loyal employees bottom of the inning be retained by hotels, senior mel first baseed school quality of service, hotel brand and honor, and revenue can be guaranteed to a large extent. As a result, employee dedication is superstar of the core fighting of hotel, largely influencing and determining the further development. Also, employee the true is one of the indicators of the instruction execution tender Resource Management in a hotel. Employee loyalty is expressed by the behaviors and postures that ar showed by hotel employees (Ineson & Berechet, 2011).With increasingly severe competition, the quality of product and productivity determine the destiny of a company. The employees who thrash longer are more familiar with the mission and vision of the company and regular on the personal line of credit(p) procedures, with the commiserateing of how t o improve productivity and quality and save the costs, which are the emulous advantages of a company. Employees are part of hotels assets. The society similarly raises heed to employees loyalty, since employees perturbation rises with low loyalty, which leads to a series of problems, like unemployment.Before a hotel employs saucy staffs, the on duty employees impart undertake loads of responsibilities. High employee turnover get out bring hotel to a chaos and revenue loss. Consequently, employee loyalty counts when dealing with high employee turnover. High employee loyalty can bring in stipendiary benefit to hotel by reducing the recruitment and training costs, improving fag productivity, and creating more revenue. Also, the organization structure give be stable with high employee loyalty, stimulating the execution of tasks of connect departments and achieving the continuing development.Besides, a specialty of hospitality management is that part-time employees play an i mportant role in the delivery of guest service. Hotel could benefit a lot from properly managing part-time employees by saving training costs. So, part-time employees are a nonher potential group of loyal employees, from which talents might be discovered. Currently, with much more choices are provided to the market, pack are deliberaten more alternatives and chances, among which there is one that they cherish closely and is suitable for their career development, the high employee turnover is a serious problem, which is importunity to solve.In the following content, this article is going to talk about the factors that pretend employee loyalty, some(prenominal) full-time and part-time, and unlike ways to improve employee loyalty. Factors that impact employee loyalty Individual Characteristics Individual characteristics, such gender, age, affair tenure, and job position, fox around impact on employee loyalty. For instance, for older (>40 years old) employees, job security, hot maternity/paternity packages, a convenient workplace location, and a plotted career path are close to important, which reflect their life round of golf priorities (Ineson & Berechet, 2011).Also, young employees (25-35 years old) have more ambitious to get word rules and make decision without hesitation as long as there are more promising opportunities. Gender difference is obvious in hotels. Traditionally, men are supposed to be the bread-maker in a family, so most cleaning is done by women in the hotel, including the public subject area and guest rooms. Besides, job position has an impact on employees attitudes towards employee loyalty, which means that different hierarchical positions show different employee loyalty in hotel (Ineson & Berechet, 2011). location toward Work With the globalization of economy, the facilities and techniques in hotel industry improve a lot, and so does employees attitude towards career path, changing from consistency to varietydeveloping by means of career ladder. In the past, most peoples first job is the last one, whose attitude toward job is that the more stable, the better. Now, however, it is not rare to be told that ones colleague left to another hotel for further development, in general because of better opportunities for personal development.Other employees may pay much attention on relatively clean and comfortable working environment offered by most hotels. Since the product of hotel is service, which relies on the direct communication between frontline employees and guests, some(prenominal) frontline employees and managers will deal with all kinds of relations with guests and colleagues, or physical work. If employees attitude toward their job is uninterested from the beginning, its very hard for hotel to build up employee loyalty. Attitude is everything. Job Commitment and Job Satisfaction Job perpetration is criteriond by how employees feel about the hotel as a whole.It is the spirit level to whic h an employee identifies with the organization and is the desire to staying with the organization (Wanda & Salazar, 2011). Job commitment refers to both employees and hotels share goals and values, and willingness to work on behalf of the hotel. Employees can achieve their goals through the conquest of hotel, which is a win-win situation. Job commitment and job rapture are related job commitment is to measure hows the employees feel about the hotel job satisfaction is to measure fulfillment with a specific job. Job satisfaction is strongly associated with employee loyalty.It is easy to work out that genial employees will work hard and provide high quality service to guests. Then employees will receive positive response from satisfied guests, which will give employees a sense of fulfillment and increase their loyalty. A virtuous cycle begins. payroll and Benefits Payroll and benefits are the most direct factors that influence employee loyalty. A high payroll and benefit package s can always retain employee, which just satisfied the most basic needs of living. The most common situation in China is the huge gap between the payroll of managers and frontline employees.Undertaking loads of work and directly dealing with various guests, frontline employees are always offered low payroll, compared with the payroll of hotel managers or with the average salary in the market. Payroll is the most direct factor and may have negative impact on employees motivation and it is often the first consideration when people choose jobs. deal will naturally compare the payroll and benefit with different hotels. When a feeling of unfairness on payroll arises, the tendency of leaving and retardant down will increase.Training and Opportunities to Develop New Skills Training is one of Human Resource most visible functions. The opportunities of develop new skills measure the management of training program. Training will not only kindle the skills and proficiency in dealing with re gular working, but also give employees a sense of fulfillment through learning and making progress. It is also a way to show the care to employees. Hotels who do not fit out in employee training cannot see the progress their employees made and the rise of productivity, which is not a long-tern development trategy. Mastering more skills after training, employees will have a much better understanding of their responsibilities, become more drug-addicted to their positions and provide much better service to guests. Training management can be measure by employee satisfaction and guests satisfaction. Factors mentioned above are those that chiefly impact full-time employees. Some of them may also work on part-time employee, but the main factor that impact part-time employees loyalty and commitment is the levels of support received from hotels and supervisors.As mentioned above, employees strong commitment will result in greater loyalty and better behaviors. Hotel manager should understa nd that commitment is a double- way communication. Research indicates that employees who perceive their managers commitment will be also committed to their organizations, resulting in much better performance and exceeding hotels expectations (Misty, 2009). Additionally, since part-time employees expect less than full-time employees, they will piquance the moment of value when treated as part of the organization.

American Legal and Constitutional History

As residents or citizens of the f each in States of America, we enjoy certain undecomposeds that galore(postnominal) race cross panaches the world do non throw off. One of those rights is liberty of reference, which is guaranteed to all of us through the United States formation. However, in close to instances, our liberty of quarrel rights flowerpot be limited. One of those circumstances involves granting immunity of policy-making ex crowdion. At this point, i would have to ask how put forward a egalitarian country, which, like all other antiauthoritarian countries, is based on warrantdom of expression, limit the same under certain conditions?In order to induce in why and how this raft happen, we go away first examine the supposition of citizenship and the brass of the United States as it relates to gratuitousdom of governingal dustup. In addition to that, we will analyze how freedom of lyric as it relates to politics can simulate security and what affects current legislation has on freedom of speech. Based on the above-mentioned research, I intend to try out that compromising freedom of governmental prospect is a violation of the United States character and as such(prenominal) cannot be chuck up the spongeed.Furthermore, I will argue that passing legislature such as the US Patriot Act can be precise dangerous as it provides government with the power to violate our freedom of speech rights. Citizenship In the first grapheme of the paper, we will examine and summarize the imagination of citizenship. This is a real extensive sue that is defined as the process by which some people argon included and others are excluded as members of the community (Walker, 2002). In our country, everybody living here, regardless if citizen or not, enjoys the same protections from the impartiality.The concept of citizenship is important because it associates us with our nation and with the law of the land. Essentially, rights granted t o citizens are typically represented by a continuum however, the mere existence of citizenship does not ineluctably equate to equivalent representation across the board, often with glaring inconsistencies across akin geographic locations or historic periods, of which history is rife with causes. (Gans 2005). So why is citizenship so important? Citizenship is important because it gives everybody the geological formational rights.Nobody can take them away from a United States citizen, regardless of his policy-making views or statements. As United States citizens, we are entitlight-emitting diode to a set of rights, which is unique in the world. The United States Constitution entitles us to those rights and guarantees that we can enjoy them. The United States Constitution is the set of documents that embody the principles on which the United States is governed. The Constitution is the supreme law of the land and no other law, at any level of government, can be established without considering the rules and rights as set forth in that document.The part that is especially important to American as it relates directly to their rights is the part of the Constitution that is known as the banknote of Rights. The first ten amendments of the United States constitution are more comm barely referred to as the wit of Rights, because they define ad hoc rights that are granted to all United States citizens by the Constitution of the United States. The greenback of Rights is modeled on many other similar documents, all of which owe their inception to the Magna Carta, the bill of rights written in England in 1215 CE.The Bill of Rights is considered to be an important part of the Constitution, and is also an integral part of normal culture almost Americans, for example, know what someone means when he or she pleads the fifth, a reference to the Fifth Amendment, which protects people from self recrimination. (Smith 2003) The part of the Bill of Rights that is of concer n to this paper is its First Amendment. According to the First Amendment there are actually several rights guaranteed to all citizens equally. numerous people remember deuce of them, the right to free speech, and the right to a free press.There are very few exceptions to free speech and fee press. Writing or public speaking words that could be constituted as a threat to the American people or seriously threatening the invigoration of someone can definitely lead to a civil law suit or eve criminal prosecution. The right to free speech and free press fully includes any semi semipolitical presentions, regardless of what nature. So, if these rights are guaranteed to us, why do some people have concerns about political impartion? governmental Expression and limitations In wake of the 9/11 attack on United States a very controversial piece of legislation called The ground forces Patriot Act has been passed.The problem with this legislation lies in its definition of terrorist ac t or terrorist activities. The USA patriot Act section 802 defines domestic terrorist act so broadly that it could apply to an individual exercising his or her freedom of speech, fashion, and assembly through acts of civil disobedience. The Department of Justice has not revolutions per minuteealed how it is victimisation section 802 Moreover, Section 215 of the USA nationalist Act permits the FBI to seek records from bookstores and libraries of books that a person has purchased or read, or of his or her activities on a librarys computer.This transform puts people at risk for exercising their free speech rights to read, recommend, or discuss a book, to write an email, or to participate in a chat room, and thus could have the effect of chilling inherently protect speech. It also denies booksellers and library personnel the free speech right to pronounce anyone, including an attorney that the FBI has asked for someones reading list. (BORDC, 2008) Since and so the BORDC has d ocumented several cases where individual rights to free speech have been violated as a direct payoff of this legislature.Many of these violations have been triggered by political activity. For example In June 2004, Buffalo, New York, workman Steve Kurtz was detained by law enforcement and had his home searched by FBI agents. Despite finding only harmless substances, which Kurtz uses in his politically motivated art projects, the FBI proceeded with a distinguished Jury hearing to decide whether to indict Kurtz under the USA PATRIOT Acts biological agents provision. On June 29th, Kurtzs bio-terrorism related charges (USA PATRIOT Act section 817) were dropped. (BORDC, 2003)The above mentioned instance, along with similar mistakes have led many people to believe that our rights to free speech, including and especially the right to political preparation, have been limited by legislature such as and similar to the Patriot Act. Many however argue that such laws are infallible in ord er to protect the greater good and assist reduce the chances for renewed attacks on the United States. other example of limitation of political expression involves a very recent incident at the University of Berkeley in California.The City Council sent a letter to the United States Marines recruiting office stating that their recruiters were not wel do it in the city or on campus. This was just a letter of statement and it contained no threats or any other suggestions of violence, protests, or demonstrations. In return for this action, which was seen as very anti-patriotic by many politicians and citizens, mingled pressures were placed upon the city. Some lawmakers were threatening to withhold millions of dollars of federal and state financial backing to the school as retaliation.They claimed that since U. S. Marines are not good enough for Berkeley, then neither were taxpayers dollars After receiving significant heat, the officials decided to recognize the officials right to b e in Berkeley and clarified their position saying they support US troop just not the war and the recruitment of young people. (Hill, 2008) The problem that we show here is that a political view of a cities population, as reflected in the council letter, was oppressed through threats of funding elimination.Even though the political view reflected in the letter is not popular and inappropriate, that was barely an exercise of free political speech that was suppressed by threats. The fact that this happened on a college campus, which should urge learning through open debate, makes it especially bad as it sends a statement that everybody should be politically in line with the main stream. in dealing with college campuses (as the cultivating grounds for those of the future) we should be more visualizeing when sentiments show up and give them room to thrive if they wish.Suppression, such as financial deprivation, is no way to deal with a situation and absolutely no way to stifle a con flict. (Hill, 2008). This opens the question about why political expression matters and what is so special about it? Political Expression and Democracy In order to understand the impact of free speech on a parliamentary society we have to analyze the basics of democracy. license of speech and expression, especially about political and other public issues, is the lifeblood of any democracy.Democratic governments do not control the meat of most written and verbal speech. then democracies are usually filled with many voices expressing different or even contrary ideas and opinions. (U. S. Department of State, 2008) This statement is a very effective outline in reference to importance of free speech. As a democratic government, our leadership is supposed to lead is in direction that we chose. This choosing of direction is most often done through political debates as we see them on TV.Democracy depends upon a literate, knowledgeable citizenry whose access to information enables it to participate as fully as possible in the public life of their society and to criticize unwise or tyrannical government officials or policies. Citizens and their elected representatives recognize that democracy depends upon the widest possible access to uncensored ideas, data, and opinions For a free people to govern themselves, they must be free to express themselves &8212 openly, publicly, and repeatedly in speech and in writing. (U. S. Department of State, 2008)What we have to understand is the fact that free flow of ideas through speech and other forms of parley is essential for the survival of a democratic government and as such, it cannot be compromised in any way. Free speech creates a pool of ideas that allow us to come to the bottom of every issue at sacrifice by finding the truth. At the same time, we cannot afford to misunderstand this concept. Many people in history have favored freedom of speech, notwithstanding only the kind of speech that they mark offd with. Th is is why we had to deal with people like Hitler, Stalin, and Saddam.Their view of freedom of speech, especially when it came to politics, was definitely a one-way street. By using them as an example, we need to make sure that we emphasis on allowing all views to be expressed, regardless whether we agree with them. In my opinion, in this country, we cannot afford to place any limitations on freedom of political speech. Another issue that is directly related to the freedom of speech is freedom of belief. If the government or any other institution attempts to limit our freedom of political expression, then at the same time, they are prohibiting us from having the freedom to believe what we want.The concept is very simple. If we cannot freely express our ideas, then we should not have them in a first place. Many countries across the world had such a system in place. Saddams Iraq, Stalins Soviet Union and others. The reason these governments were called totalitarian was the fact that t heir citizens could not freely express their ideas and political views. This proves the fact that freedom of political expression is what makes us a strong democracy and that it should not be compromised. Many supporters of limited free speech cite various examples where it was necessary to limit political expression in order to achieve a greater good.One such example is Germany and many argue that by prohibiting political parties and any association with them (Nazi Party) was the right thing after World War II. I fully agree with that. However, when we cannot compare Germany and the United States (at least not back at that time). German people back then did not know the concept of democracy. Ones it was introduced they genuine it and Nazis never resurfaced again. In any case, my point is that in order to help nations such as post world war II Germany slay the right conclusion and adopt democracy some drastic measures may be necessary.However, these measures should never be under taken on our soil. We have a hale democracy and any limitations would disturb the balance. Even though it should never be compromised, freedom of speech has some limitations. One of the limitations that is relevant to political expression is the use of fight words. The fact is that he inflammatory nature of some speeches can cause the listener to direct violence at the speaker or other target groups as defined by the speaker. Additionally, fighting words have become limited to speech directed to one person and not to speech directed generally at a crowd.The idea is that if a speech is going to cause harm to somebody or limit him or her in enjoyment of his or her constitutional rights in any way, then it is prohibited. Another major issue that has come out of this is the fact that many state universities prohibit speeches that are fetid to minorities. Universities have adopted those policies in order to respond to complaints of those who are subjects of unlovable speeches. Thats the wrong response, well-meaning or not. The First Amendment to the United States Constitution protects speech no matter how offensive its content.Speech codes adopted by government-financed state colleges and universities add to government censorship, in violation of the Constitution. And the ACLU believes that all campuses should adhere to First Amendment principles because academician freedom is bedrock of education in a free society. (ACLU, 2008) This is a very important issue that demonstrates how political views, questionable as they are, can be legally expressed everywhere, without government intercedence. Conclusion Free speech and expression of political ideas are the very basis of a democratic system.As a fundamental feature of a democratic society, freedom of speech as it relates to politics is subject to only few, clearly defined restrictions. I believe that democracy demands that also those who have undemocratic views must be allowed to propagate for their ideas. A democratic state may only interfere with the right to express a political opinion if it can prove that the direct result of their speech would be violence and harm to somebody. Freedom of expression is a prerequisite for democracy and therefore without freedom of expression, there can be no democracy.This is why it continues to be important to hurry healthy debates on this issue and help people understand why it is important to respect opinion of others, even if it is not in consistency with the mainstream. That is the best way to continue our rich democratic tradition and mark that future generations can enjoy the same rights as we do. List of References Walker, Melissa. (2002) unbalanced Freedom How Race and Gender Shaped American Citizenship and Labor rev by Evelyn Nakano Glenn. selective information retrieved on April 28th, 2008 from Website http//www.h-net. org/reviews/showrev. cgi? path=112431032792905 Gans, Judith. (2005). Citizenship in the Context of Globalization. Ud all amount for Studies in Public Policy. Information retrieved on April 28th, 2008 from the Center Website http//udallcenter. arizona. edu/programs/immigration/publications/Citizenship%20and%20Globalization. pdf Smith, E. S. (2003). What is The Bill of Rights Information retrieved on April 28, 2008 from Website http//www. wisegeek. com/what-is-the-bill-of-rights. htm? Bill of Rights Defense Committee. (2008).Current Treats to Freedom of Speech, Religion, and Assembly. Information retrieved on April 28, 2008 from Website http//www. bordc. org/threats/speech. php Hill, Kimberley. (2008). Threats against the Free Speech? The Campus World Information retrieved on April 28, 2008 from Campus World Website http//www. thecampusword. com/content/view/2264/593/ American Civil Liberties Union, ACLU. (1994) Hate Speech on Campus. Information retrieved on April 28, 2008 from Website http//www. aclu. org/studentsrights/expression/12808pub19941231. html

HCS 483 Clinician Provider Order Entry Implementation Essay

Clinician Provider score door Implementation health C are Information SystemsHCS 483September 02, 2013Clinician Provider Order Entry ImplementationImplementation ProcessHealth care physical compositions give ear forward when starting the carrying into action adjoin for nurture arranging death penalty. Adding or upgrading health care carcasss is met with excitement and opposition from the employees who must use the dodging and adapt their current practice processes. Constructing a rollout period for the employees to train and lay specific training for their job requirements is imperative to the success of the health remains implementation. Employees knowledge of how to use the corpse is equally important to the implementation process as choosing and designing the program that is best for the organization. Roles and responsibilitiesThe pop out or system sponsor is someone in the organization who is vested in the completion of the control. The champions role is to hel p obtain the buy-in of other physicians into the use of the untested system and makes sure the physicians who ordain be using the system fuddle adequate input in the selection process of how the spick-and-span system pass on be used. The carte of directors is the governing entity for the health care organization that approves the acquisition and implementation of a clean system. The board of directors role is to bind a voice for the organization. Going forward the board needs to be involved in how the new system pass on affect the processes of the primary users and help curtail the expenses that develop as the device evolves.The propose manager is the person accountable for the successful implementation of the new information system. He or she is the person who provides the day-to-day direction setting, departure resolution, and intercourse needed by the go steady team(Wager, Lee, Glaser, & Burns, 2009, Chapter 7). The show manager is accountable for the team of e ngineers installing and testing the information system. The acoustic projection manager is responsible for relaying the progress of the project back to the board of directors.This includes the good, and the sturdy as outlined in the case acquire of Memorial Health System in which Dr. Melvin Sparks yelled at Sally Martin over veritable increases in work force, cost, and time increases. Sally Martin resolved not to section any bad news or setbacks with Dr. Sparks again creating a mistaken sense of understanding of where the project was in the stages of completion. The original action of Dr. Sparks started a domino effect toward the failure of the project. Fundamental ActivitiesInformation Technology (IT) is responsible for the long and tedious process of installing, changing, removing, testing, and correcting the chosen information system for the health care organization. IT must take a crap a industrial-strength plan in place for the scope of the projected project. Organ izing, identifying the project champion, determining the projects size and expectations, and establishing and implementing the project plan are the steps in the IT implementation process. Creating detailed project guidelines for cost, number of employees needed to complete the implementation and project completion dates of the divers(prenominal) phases to help complete the goals set forth by the health care organization. Fundamental activities that led to the project failure were privation of organization, system analysis, and employee work flow. The project was set to a rushed timeline that did not put up for proper organization for the intricate details of implementing a new information system.Doing the system analysis in six months and making a select without direct input from the employees who would be using the system on a daily basis was part of the project failure. Employee workflow is a racy portion of the selection process of a new system in a health care organization. One of the first activities necessary in implementing any new system is to review and evaluate the existing workflow or business processes(Wager, Lee, Glaser, & Burns, 2009, Chapter 7). If the process is too complicated or cumbersome, the workforce will fight back and reject the new system. In the case study of Memorial Health System although intentions were good for the implementation of a clinician provider order entry (CPOE) system by Fred shrivelled and Joe Roberts the process was rushed and not properly laid out with pragmatic goals in place. IT was not apt(p) adequate time to organize, plan, or observe the scope for the steps they would need to make to implement the new CPOE. dialogueDr. Melvin Sparks was a fundamental player in the project failure at Memorial Health System. Probably without direct knowledge of his actions, Dr. Sparks started a domino effect that ultimately led to many of the project failures with implementing the CPOE system. The initial communic ation between Dr. Sparks and his appointed project manager, Sally Martin, set the communication hindrance of relaying time delays, lack of workforce, and budget increases that snowballed into the failure of the CPOE implementation. intent miseryProject failure in the Memorial Health System case study was evident from the beginning of the project. The idea was solid, but the planning was not thorough. quin indicators that the project would fail are lack of lucidness of purpose that happens when the objectives of the project are unclear. Lack of opinion in the project happens when the key users are not convinced the system will ease their work load.Insufficient leading support happens when the lack of commitment shows through the lack of involvement by the leaders spearheading the implementation process. Organizational inertia happens when project work is added on top of the daily workload adding stress to the employees. Project complexity is multifold and is a direct effect o f when the people working on the project do not have an understanding of the scope of the project. Minimize Project FailureMemorial Health Systems could have taken different steps to return or minimize the effects of the project failure on the new CPOE system. This Student would have acted differently to minimize the effects for a different outcome on the implementation process for the new CPOE system. Lack of clarity of purposeThis assimilator would have communicated that the implementation of the new system will make the daily process of patient care is necessary so the providers and supporting staff understand that it will prepare for a come apart patient health record and reduce errors in orders. Lack of belief in theprojectThis student would have communicated an understanding that the new CPOE system will create an efficient and useful electronic medical record. Therefore, moderation the workload and minimizing errors in patient orders. This student would have made persist ent updates and newsletters updating the providers and staff about improvements that they would be making in his or her patients care. Insufficient leadership supportThis student would have created a more visible and involved leadership team. This student would have created meetings and training involving both the leadership team and the providers to create a improve understanding of how the implementation of the CPOE will help the quality of care given by the providers at Memorial Health System. Organizational inertiaThis student would have organized the workforce to help drastically reduce the bill of daily workloads to free up dedicated time for the CPOE implementation project. working(a) in stressful environments can create lack of forward work on a project because of the added work. Increasing the workforce to distribute the workload will help in the project continuing to move forward. Project complexityThis student would have had a frank conversation with the change depar tments and stakeholders about the complexity and scope of the CPOE project. Communication would have included that additions to the project would increase the timeframe and cost of the project. When all entities understand the complexity of the project and that, there will be delays or setbacks in the implementation process this will help ease doubt during transitional times. ConclusionHaving a strong implementation plan and goals are imperative when beginning the process of adding or changing an information system. Health care is changing rapidly and implementing system changes takes time, extensive planning, and support. Ensuring that a strong foundation and understanding of the project is in place before implementing a systems change will help inthe success of the project.ReferencesWager, K. A., Lee, F. W., Glaser, J. P., & Burns, L. R. (2009). Health Care Information Systems. A operable Approach for Health Care Management, Second Edition. University Of Phoenix. http//dx.doi .org/ 9780470387801

Related Literature Essay

Reading is an important skill to help mint learn from human knowledge and experience. Through read, knowledge has greatly contributed to the growing of mankind. Reading is the fastest and simplest way to raise peoples educational level (Hung & Tzeng, 2001). Thus, development in any case improves the cognitive perspective of a person. No people are more educated unless they read. Reading also enhances not only the brain, but the awareness of a person to antithetical dustup that he/she didnt encounter before. It increases onenesss verbiage and comprehension.Through practice also, many people increased their critical thought process skills especially when finding the main themes or for analytical purposes. In short, reading is the best and only way of enabling humans to absorb upstart experience and replace old views. Reading is a process of how culture is processed from the textbook into meanings, starting the information from the text, and ending what the indorser g ains. Goodman (1976) and smith (1973) indicated that reading is a delivery process, not merely the sum of dissimilar decoding and comprehension skills.In short reading is the process of reconstructing the generators ideas, perspective and information. On the other hand, Aikat (2007) stated that the the act of reading is a dynamic transaction between the reader and the text (p. 700), an idea taken from Louise M. Rosenblatts 1978 book, The Reader, The Text, The Poem. According to the aforementioned book, there are ii kinds of reading reading for leisure, called Aesthetic Reading and Efferent Reading in order to gain information.Efferent readers read for the purpose of the facts they will learn, duration aesthetic readers read for the reading experience making it easier for them to connect emotionally to the text. In order to for readers to attain this connection and fully comprehend the text that they read, Dolch (1951) asserted that the process of reading requires the differen t capabilities of the mind, as the reader processes words and their meanings. To become a skilled reader, children need a rich language and conceptual base, a broad and deep vocabulary and verbal easoning abilities to sympathize messages that are conveyed through print. Children also must develop code-related skills, an agniseing that talk words are composed of smaller elements of speech (phonological awareness) the idea that earn represent these sounds (the alphabetic principle), the many systematic correspondences between sounds and spellings, and a repertory of highly familiar words that can be easily and mechanically recognized (McCardle & Chhabra, 2004 McCardle, Scarborough, & Catts, 2001).According to Carrell, Pharis and Liberto (1989), they explained the term metacognition refers to a readers understanding of any cognitive process. Metacognition in the context of reading consists of a readers knowledge of strategies for learning from texts, and the control readers r equire their own actions while reading for different purposes. In brief, metacognition refers to awareness of ones own reading processes (Brown 1980).It means awareness of ones own understanding and non-understanding of reading strategies, and of monitoring comprehension during reading. Nuttal (1996) proposed that learners needed to understand how texts worked and what they did while reading, they must monitor also their own comprehension. For example, students are capable to recognize that they dont understand a text, and then pad a strategy that will improve matters.

Carpentry: Wood and Tree House

Kayla Allison Mark wood H English 12 18 March 2011 woodworking Working with wood is a skill that has been or so since man created his root incision. From woodworks letnings, it has developed enormously, save in its essence, the tools and techniques our new carpenters intent today ar the same as those used in the rock abidedy Age. The Bureau of Labor Statistics defines carpenters as people who construct, erect, inst entirely and repair structures and fixtures make from wood and new(prenominal) materials. This trade has an extensive history, an expansive modern field, and with it, I plan to build a tree folk, thus do a release in a kids life. The term woodworking comes from the Late Latin term carpentum which means two-wheeled vehicle. The woodworkers of the Roman empire built the chariots that each(prenominal)owed the fast travel. They in addition built the foundation for early highways, between which concrete cement was laid. The innovative ideas of these workers al lowed for the Romans to conquer and build much(prenominal) a vast empire.The woodworkers were thus named carpenters. Carpen attack began many years ago and emerged from nations all over the world. Early Europeans created farsighted, wooden al-Qaedas from planks of wood that beakd up to superstar hundred feet. A St genius Age city from nine kelvin years ago created their buildings from mud bricks, supported by posts and beams. The remnants of these buildings have allowed modern scholars to study the way woodworking has evolved over years and crossways the diametrical cultures of the nations. The runner k todayn citys population, who lived until at least 5600 B. C. lived in a unified series of structures that all linked together homogeneous a giant fort they had heavy support beams in the walls and for a roof, smaller beams, reeds and packed mud. Ab appear thirty-seven centuries ago, on the island of Crete, in the shopping centre of the Mediterranean Sea, the natives used w ooden columns with a downward tapingr (opposite of those by and by made popular by the Greeks) and stone and mud-brick walls to construct the Palace of Knossos, home of the labyrinth housing the fabled Minotaur. One real notable movement was the early Egyptians of four thousand B. C. who were already using copper and coatlic element tools for woodworking.These people were proficient in some of the modern techniques we use now, such as drilling, dovetailing, which is a tight interlocking joint made by using a fan-shaped tenon fitted into a corresponding mortise, mitering, which is creating a diagonal bend at a corner in order to make a right angle, and mortising, or cutting squ ar or angulate holes, into the lumber. In the twelfth century, carpenter edicts began to form. There were three kinds of member in the guild masters, journeymen and learners. The master carpenter would have a lot of experience and had the efficiency to take in an prepare to whom he could pass on his knowledge.The apprentice would live with the master, train with him and would receive food, clothing, shelter and the masters recognition in lieu of a paycheck. after a long comely period of time, anywhere between five and nine years, the apprentice could hold on on and become a journeyman. He could then work for payment, burst start his own shop, and after gaining enough experience would take on an apprentice himself and would thus become a master. The carpenters guilds were the beginning root that would eventually grow into our modern labor unions and associations.The first Carpenter unions began in 1724 which helped regulate hours and pay for workers and allow for benefits and assistance for the unemployed member workers. After the first Industrial Revolution, a few modifications were made to the basic carpentry tools for greater efficiency, but they retained many of the same characteristics from the original design, around of which we passive use today. Axes, hatchets a nd another(prenominal) thick blades were common for chopping wood, just as it is now. Chisels, which are tools with a sharp beveled edge, originated back then, as did the gouge, which is a wander with a concavo-convex cross-section.Different kinds of saws were originated for different purposes and mallets, which are small, rubber hammers, and large metal hammers were also just as popular in the Middle Ages as they are now. In e precise modern carpenters service department or personal workshop, there are a few tools that are necessary for almost every hurl, whether it be large or small. The first one of these is the spring circular saw. This is a power-driven saw in which a circular disc with a toothed edge that rotates at a high speed. It is particularly useful when used to cut across corpuscles of wood on large or thick planks of wood.Another all important(p) tool to have is the nail gun. It uses compressed air to drive the nails into the wood. This saves both on work time an d on energy levels, but as long as there is a basic hammer, it bequeath do the trick. The power drill is of vital importance. Also called a pneumatic drill, it drills holes through the wood and attaches or detaches hunch forwards. Another necessity is the router, which is used to create hollowed areas in wood. It has a shaped cutter and can cut grooves into the wood. Another basic, but necessary, carpentry tool is the level. This is a device that helps the carpenter ensure the final make has straight edges.The old fashioned levels had two to four foot proscribe with a glass tube with a line on it in it. The newer levels, which are much much spotless, improved and user-friendly, are digital. Every kin needs a tape measure, even for non-carpentry uses, but it is very important in a carpenters tool case to have a tape measure so he or she can measure everything out accurately. The last vital thing to have in your toolbox is a framing square. Framing squares are steel L-shaped sq uares that are very simple, but very important as it helps you lay out accurate right angles.Modern carpenters build all different things and use various materials, but true to their profession work primarily work with wood. There are a few popular kinds of woods often used by carpenters three of these include ash, pine, and oak. Ash is usually found in Yankee latitudes. The twist is greenish w havee when its young, but after it has matured, the elder trees have turned into a dark, beautifully marked timber. Pine is a blanket term for all trees that bear cones, but it can be broadly distinguished into Red/Yellow (both of which are indifferently used) or White.The first kind has a ground color of yellow with scout red markings across it, whereas the other kind is a whitish color, thereof the given names. Oak is some other comm exactly used wood among carpenters. The outflank place to find Oak is in America and Great Britain. The grain of the wood considerably open, or porous, however it is extremely hard and durable. This makes it trying to work and can dull a workers tools very easily, but because of its durability, it makes for ideal medium to work with for building dramaturgys, basiss, staircases, doors, wall panels, tables, chairs, sideboards, and other pieces of furniture.It is dark in color and can be polished to a high sheen. The same basic locomote are almost everlastingly used when getting ready before starting a put-on by all carpenters for the most part. They start by designing, if it is necessary to, and set out their project this includes all of the measuring, marking and arranging of the materials that needs to be done. After that, the carpenter entrust then cut and shape all of the materials, using a combination of his or her hand and power tools. The undermentioned step is to join the items together. This can be done by nails, staples or glue.To increase the accuracy in the final project, it is necessary to implement the tape mea sure and framing square through the entire border. Many carpenters do different carpentry tasks, but a lot of them specialize in one or two tasks. Those who remodel homes for instance, use a widely variety of skills. They impart need to know how to do everything from building countertops to window frames. Others market themselves as experts in their specific fields, such as locker installation or moldings. Working as a carpenter can be stressful physically and mentally.The physical demands can involve rest for a long time, climbing, bending, kneeling and to a greater extent. There is always a jeopardize of getting hurt from slipping or falling from the roof or off a hunt down or one could get disadvantageously injured from working with the dangerous tools. As far as mentally, carpenters will usually work under independent contracts and with these can come a strict deadline. They usually average about 40 hours per week, which can also be stressful on the judgement and body. About thirty-two per centum of carpenters are self-employed. According to CollegeBoard, the average income of self-employed carpenters is $43,640.In this economy, self-employment can be hit or miss, but my good friends Paul and Samuel Jobe, who own Jobes Carpentry, and have inspired me with their successful business and have helped in increasing my touch in the trade. I was captivated into studying carpentry for my senior project for a variety of reasons. I love taking things apart to rebuild them and cultivation how things work. This trait is a testimony to my manual dexterity and the way my mind thinks mechanically. I think carpentry would be a creative and evoke way for me to express these skills and something I would enjoy.Another incentive that has drawn my interest has been that I really think it would be interesting to study the trade rescuer near, as part of my own walk of faith in an onset to grow closer with Him. I wanted my project to affect more than my own life I want to make a difference for someone, so I decided to rebuild a tree field that belongs to my 9 year old friend, Sam Ritner. The Ritners have had the tree endure for longer than Ive known them. They had it for their older sons who have long outgrown it. It is now falling part to the point that it is barely recognizable for what it truly is. I know that by rebuilding it, I will not only enjoy the work and the experience, but it will create a maneuver and exciting place for Sam and his friends to hang out which is fulfillment in itself. Making that sort of impact on a childs life would mean the world to me. To begin, Ill first go out to the tree nursing home and evaluate the damage. Right now, it does not have a roof or walls anymore. I will then clear out all the ivy and debris thats grown up around it and take the measurements needed for the final project.As I previously mentioned, my friend, Samuel Jobe, is a carpenter and he has agreed to help me out through the design pro cess and aid me in picking out the materials I need to know it. This includes the measuring, marking and arranging the materials. After drawing up the blueprints for the tree house and taking a trip to the hardware store for all of our supplies, well begin the actual construction on the tree house. First, Ill stabilize the floor with crossbeams. The tree house currently has only one crossbeam still supporting the floor. I plan on installing at least two or three crossbeams in order to add more support to the floor.Then, Ill remake the ladder. The ladder currently is missing a step and is very unstable. I plan on making the ladder by putt two pieces of wood on either side, and putting at least three or four smaller pieces for steps in the shopping center. Next, Ill construct the framework and the support system of the house. As of right now, there is no framework on the tree house there is only a platform. I will pre-fabricate the frame on the ground so I dont need to try to constr uct it in the air. I plan on using brackets to screw the uprights of the frame to the floor.Then, I will erect the walls. At least one of the walls will have a window built in. I will use plywood for the walls and cover version them in stucco or another type of siding. Then, I will make the roof. It will be a pitched roof, so rain water will easily hustle off the top. To waterproof it and protect it from water, I will attach mat over a thin plywood base and then cover it with shingles. Also with applying these materials, we will add a waterproof stain as the first primer coat to the wood. Afterwards, I will put in the door and install the shutters of the windows.The window will be a rectangular window and will have a cross in the middle with shutters extending to the outsides of the window. Finally, I will put an outdoor stain on the wood as paint. It will be a dark brown color and will go over the waterproof stain that had been previously coated. The shutters will be painted dar k forest green to add to the air of the tree house. This will be sure to make the tree house as waterproof as possible, while also adding style and making it stand out. While building the tree house, I will flash the process. This will include the before and after shots as well as pictures of it being constructed.The action shots will include me sawing the wood, drilling, and painting along with other challenging tasks. I will compile all of the pictures and create a scrapbook to bring in for my give upation to the judges. Carpentry is an interesting subject that has been practiced for thousands and thousands of years, since man created tools. To be using a craft that has been such an influence on the development of civilization and to be using it for to brighten a kids day makes the effort behind it so worthwhile. This project means a lot to me and I am proud to present it as my final project of high school.

Argumentative Essay on Bilingual Education Essay

bilingualistism is the ability to say deuce styles. Bilingual Education is world taught initiate subjects in two various linguistic processs. The coupled States is stem to millions of immigrants each with their birth endemic backgrounds. The unite States require the immigrants to guide the full side wordings when subsidence into the inelegant. The schools should give the luck to bilingual students, or rude(a) student immigrants the prefer to go over the incline expression or to be taught in two diametrical languages.This would give the students the advantage in learning two different languages that will facilitate them in the future. They should be able to learn their profess inwrought language and address it in private nevertheless in any case in public, however, they should as well as be taught the side of meat language whether when entering the country, school, or private tutoring. Bilingual Education should non be forced by the government it should be their give birth free chose. As the immigrants break much fluent in the English language they will go for a let on hazard pass waterting jobs, communication, and helping their confess children learn the English language.The united States should non focus except on English plainly Movement they should offer the opportunity of Bilingual Education for its citizens, but also memory English as one of the main languages in the country. First, the join States needs not to focus on making English the only language but work more on helping the new immigrants learn the English language. The linked States needs to do more to anticipate the problem of immigrants in the United States having trouble getting jobs or keeping up in the classroom because they atomic number 18 not fluent in English.If the immigrants were taught the full English language coming into the country it will help the children in the classroom learn easier by keeping up with the instructor and also give t he p arnts the advantage to communicate with their childrens teachers. The immigrants have a chose to select to learn the English language freely they send word stillness speak their own native language in wherever they want, but should be able to k directly the English language if they live in the United States. The United States needs to help improve the problems that the immigrants will encounter as they live in the United States and give the new immigrants an equal chance.The United States is a country mixed with different native backgrounds and ethnicties it is always undergoing absorption of some sort. It is like a salad bowl where not everyone assimilates together but is mixed together. the Statesn has a common language and that is English, but the Statesn should also not force English only on immigrants or citizens, however, they should teach the new immigrants the English language and still altogetherow them their own native languages. The United States should not singl e out the immigrants by now allowing them to speak their native language in public and only speak the English language.Another reason for Bilingualism in the United States is Bilingual Education. Bilingual Education is the learning of school subjects in two languages, the use and acute of two different languages. The United States should have certain schools throughout the country that offer bilingual classes. The students should have the chose to learn another language or to be taught English while in the mean time they still ar able to learn in the native language until the learn the full English language.As the students learn another language they become knowledgeable in the writing, reading, speaking and comprehension of that language. Students in the fourth var. who atomic number 18 Spanish speaking natives have knowledgeable the English languages are studied on their knowledge of the two languages. The gathered stories from their families in Spanish and were to rewrite th e story in English. The study shows that by having children become bilingual in two languages gave them better opportunities in life and broaden their skills in the classroom and in the social and cultural world.This study supports the argument on bilingual education for immigrants and also shows the advantages one will have by becoming bilingual. As they learn the English language, besides their own native language it can help them in galore(postnominal) ways. As the students learn English in the classrooms they are not told to forget their own native languages. When students who speak a native language and have not learned the English language enter a classroom full of English speaking students will become intimidated and afraid.The English language is a public language used throughout the country in all different areas. As the students who do not know the English language are forced into a classroom of English only are more than likely going to fall behind the other students fro m not understanding completely what is being taught and said by the teacher and their own classmates. Students should have the opportunity to be in a classroom where they are taught the English language but also learning the subjects that are being taught in school.They should have the advantage to learn the subjects in two different languages so that they will have a better understanding of the subjects. afterwards a year or two at least the students should be ready to be placed in a normal English only classroom and be able to do well. It must be a inflection for the students as they are prepared for the transfer into a standard English classroom. Many student immigrants have made the transition for their own native language to the English language and become better assimilated with the country.Although most student immigrants parents are fluent in their native language most approve of their children being taught another language and becoming bilingual. The parents have a role i n their childrens learning another language, however it can be crucial on their childrens development of another language as they communicate with their children in that native language in the privacy of their home. In a study most immigrant parents support bilingual education for their children and fewer oppose it.They believe that their children being bilingual will give them many advantages, as helping the children in the classroom or leading their children to a high career opportunity. The children are able to speak their native language at their home, but as they speak English at home they are helping their parents also learn the language. When the children know the English language it helps them be able to communicate easier with the rest of the country. Bilingual Education and Bilingualism is not something that can affect the United States in a harmful way.The United States is a free country allowing all immigrants from all diversities come into this country. America should require the new immigrants to learn the full English language so that they are able to communicate with the rest of the country and able to get jobs. Schools should give the immigrant students who are not fluent in English the opportunity to learn English and school subjects in their native languages in a separate classroom, until they are fluent enough to keep up with the teacher and the material they are taught in a standard English classroom.If America allows Bilingualism and Bilingual Education then it will give the immigrants a chance at learning English to live in the country comfortably, go to school in English classrooms and work in English jobs. They are still allowed to speak their own native languages in the public and in the privacy of their own home. Bilingualism should not be forced on anyone. It should be a transitional act to help them transform more into the United States.

Role of different Agency in my Socialization

Socialization is a term manipulationd to observe to the lifelong mathematical forge of inheriting and disseminating norms, customs and ideologies, providing an individual with the skills and habits necessary for active within his or her own beau monde. Socialization is thus the means by which societal and cultural continuity ar attained.Socialization helps me learn to be given triumphfully in my genial worlds. How does the deal of socializing occur? How do we learn to use the objects of our societys material culture? How do we come to adopt the beliefs, values, and norms that represent its nonmaterial culture? This learning takes moor ripen through interaction with various operators of socialization, alike(p) peer hosts and families, plus both cultivateal and wanton social institutions.In each stage of my life at that place argon influences or agents of socialization who cede an impact on my socialization and the messages of socialization being received. As I d evelop and advance in psychosocial development, the agents become stronger or weaker in their capacity for influence. Early in my development, the family is, of course, the strongest agent, scarcely I advances to pre give instruction age, programs or schools begin to exert influence. At school age, peers atomic number 18 active socialization agents. For the first eight years, family, school, partnership, and peers play a quality in the wining aspects of a barbarians socialization The development of trustThe development of independence The tendency to take initiative The sense of competence and ambition Decisions most who angiotensin-converting enzyme is Relationships with an different(prenominal)wise(a)wises Decisions about future generations Reflections on ones life Social mathematical groups practically permit the first experiences of socialization. Families, and later peer groups, communicate expectations and reinforce norms. plurality first learn to use the tang ible objects of material culture in these correcttings, as intimately as being introduced to the beliefs and values of society.Family The family is the most crucial primary group in the society. It isthe simplest but most elementary form of the society. The meaning of the family can be explained better by the following definitions. M.F. Nimkoff says that Family is a more or less durable association of husband and wife with or without child, or of a man or women alone with children. burgher and Locke says that Family is a group of individuals united by ties of marriage, blood or ad plectrum constituting a single household interacting and intercommunicating with each other in their respective(prenominal) social roles of husband and wife, father and mother, son and daughterFamily is the first agent of socialization. Mothers and fathers, siblings and grandp atomic number 18nts, plus members of an extended family, all teach me what I deprivation to know. For example, they usher m e how to use objects (such as clothes, computers, eating utensils, books, bikes) how to relate to others (some as family, others as friends, mute others as strangers or teachers or neighbors) and how the world dresss (what is real and what is imagined). As you are aware, either from your own experience as a child or your role in helping to raise one, socialization involves instruct and learning about an unending array of objects and ideas. It is primary(prenominal) to keep in mind, however, that families do non interact us in a vacuum.M whatsoever social factors impact how a family raises its children. For example, we can use sociological imagination to grapple that individual behaviors are affected by the historical period in which they take place. Sixty years ago, it would not have been considered especially unmitigated for a father to hit his son with a wooden spoonful or a belt if he misbehaved, but today that akin action might be considered child abuse. Sociologists re cognize that race, social conformation, godliness, and other societal factors play an important role in socialization. For example, poor families commonly punctuate obedience and conformity when raising their children, while wealthy families emphasize judgment and creativity (National Opinion Research Center 2008).This may be because educateing-class parents have less education and more repetitive-task jobs for which the ability to follow rules and to conform helps. Wealthy parents tend to have better educations and often work in managerial positions or in careers that require creative difficulty solving, so they teach their children behaviors that would be beneficial in these positions. This means that children are effectively socialized and raised to take the typesof jobs that their parents already have, thus reproducing the class system (Kohn 1977). correspondingwise, children are socialized to abide by gender norms, perceptions of race, and class-related behaviors. In Sw eden, for instance, stay-at-home fathers are an accepted part of the social landscape. A giving medication policy provides subsidized time off work480 days for families with freshlybornswith the option of the paid leave being shared between both mothers and fathers.As one stay-at-home dad says, being home to take care of his botch son is a real fatherly thing to do. I mobilize thats very masculine (Associated Press 2011). School Most Bangladeshi children spend about seven hours a day, 180 days a year, in school, which wins it hard to deny the importance school has on our socialization. We are not only in school to theater of operations mathematics, reading, science, and other subjectsthe diaphanous function of this system. Schools also serve a latent function in society by socializing children into behaviors like teamwork, following a schedule, and use textbooks.School and classroom rituals, led by teachers serving as role object lessons and leaders, on a regular basis rein force what society expects from children.Sociologists describe this aspect of schools as the hidden curriculum, the knowledgeable program line done by schools. For example, in the Bangladesh, schools have built a sense of competition into the way grades are awarded and the way teachers evaluate students. When children get in in a relay race or a math contest, they learn that there are winners and losers in society. When children are required to work together on a throw, they practice teamwork with other community in cooperative situations. The hidden curriculum prepares children for the adult world. Children learn how to deal with bureaucracy, rules, expectations, time lag their turn, and sitting still for hours during the day.Schools in different cultures socialize children differently in order to prepare them to function well in those cultures. The latent functions of teamwork and relations with bureaucracy are features of American culture.Schools also socialize children by teaching them about citizenship and national pride. In the United States, children are taught to say the promise of Allegiance. Most districts require classes about U.S. invoice and geography. As academic perceptiveness of history evolves, textbooks in the United States have been scrutinized and revised to update attitudes toward other cultures as well as perspectives on historical events thus, children are socialized to adifferent national or world history than front textbooks may have done. For example, information about the mistreatment of African Americans and Native American Indians more accurately reflects those events than in textbooks of the past.Peer group A peer group is made up of tidy sum who are similar in age and social status and who share interests. Peer group socialization begins in the earliest years, such as when I was kids on a playground teach young children the norms about taking turns or the rules of a back or how to shoot a basket. As I grow into tee nagers, this process continues. Peer groups are important to adolescents in a new way, as they begin to develop an identity separate from their parents and exert independence. Additionally, peer groups provide their own opportunities for socialization since kids usually engage in different types of activities with their peers than they do with their families. Peer groups provide adolescents first major socialization experience right(prenominal) the realm of their families. Interestingly, studies have shown that although friendships rank high in adolescents priorities, this is balanced by parental influence.Religion While some religions may tend toward being an informal institution, this section focuses on practices related to formal institutions. Religion is an important avenue of socialization for many mountain. The United States is full of synagogues, temples, churches, mosques, and similar religious communities where people gather to worship and learn. Like other institutions, these places teach participants how to interact with the religions material culture (like a mezuzah, a prayer rug, or a communion wafer). For some people, important ceremonies related to family structurelike marriage and birthare connected to religious celebrations. Many of these institutions uphold gender norms and contribute to their implementment through socialization. From ceremonial rites of passage that reinforce the family unit, to function dynamics which reinforce gender roles, religion fosters a shared set of socialized values that are passed on through society.Mass media Mass media refers to the dispersion of impersonal informationto a wide audience, such as what happens via television, newspapers, radio, and the Internet. With the total person spending over four hours a day in front of the TV (and children averaging even more screen time), media majusculely influences social norms (Roberts, Foehr, and Rideout 2005). I learn about objects of material culture (like ne w technology and transportation options), as well as nonmaterial culturewhat is accredited (beliefs), what is important (values), and what is expected (norms).Community Large social network that families can use as a support system is called community. It can consist of people who live in the same town, area, or even neighborhood complicate a group of people who share the same values or interests such as religion, sports, etc. The communitys purpose in the socialization process Childrens first interactions with the topical anesthetic community is where community can help develop my identity (self-concept) and how I fit into the group setting (group identity). I can learn self- control, social skills and values of society when they are in these community based programs.Community Institutions School After school child care programs Churches Libraries Parks Support services offered by local agencies Example hospitals, police, fire departments, etc. BG the Tiger, Boys and Girls Club Mascot Religion and churches are brisk institutions the communities. They serve various functions in the community.It can range from helping the homeless, to liberality events, and going on field trips. This is a good way for children to converge other children in their faith, and become active leaders in their community. developing and Socialization Children in community are exposed to many other children and learn the skills to play and be friends with them. They are also exposed to children from other cultures, ethnicities and socioeconomic backgrounds. Its important for children to have interaction with each other by playing, doing art projects and other various activities which they will learn to socialize better instead of staying home where their social interaction with other people is limited.All in all, community as socialization agent is a great way for children to interact with the community, find friends who also love the same activities as them, and most of all, le arning about themselves and the social roles.If there werent any community programs or after school programs in the year 2008 whence the lives of children and their family wouldbe very difficult. During this fast moving, flourishing time in the U.S. history we depend on the community programs and schools to help take care of our children. As for the saying, It takes a village (community) to raise a child, it means that we all study to take a part in help raising not only our children, but our neighbors children because they are our future and we need to help the children become positive adults. Law Law is one of the important agencies in my socialization. MYexperiences in interactions with police and other levelheaded actors subtly experimental condition their perceptions of the relation between individuals and society.These experiences influence the development of adolescents notions about fairness, rules, and agreements among members of society, and about the authenticity of authority to deal fairly with citizens who violate societys rules. It is likely that these beliefs influence en correct with the law, both among adolescents in general and among juvenile offenders in particular, after they have been sanctioned for their offenses. Because one focus of the Networks activity is on sympathy influences on patterns of desistance or re-offending, we are concerned about youths understanding of and participation in legal processes that express societal norms, their assessments of the lividness of the process, and their views of the legitimacy of the law and the institutions that enforce it.Legal socialization, the process through which individuals acquire attitudes and beliefs about the law, has received only work attention from those interested in adolescent development. It includes both affective components (e.g., the cessation to which one feels fairly treated by representatives of the legal system, sometimes referred to as procedural justice) and sub stantive components (e.g., ones actual beliefs about the legitimacy and fairness of the law). Legal socialization is critical in shaping adolescents perceptions of the law, rules, and agreements among members of society, as well as the legitimacy of authority to deal fairly with citizens who violate societys rules.Because the enforcement of law differs by neighborhood, children and adolescents growing up in neighborhoods of different social paternity experience the law in very different ways. This Network project is a pilot study that assesses variation in legal socialization as a function ofadolescents neighborhood contexts. The study will greenback differences by neighborhood in (1) the development of adolescents notions about the law (2) their understanding of and participation in legal processes that express societal norms (3) their assessments of the fairness of the process and (4) their views of the legitimacy of the law and the institutions that enforce it.The specific aims of this pilot study are to identify and measure interactions of children and adolescents with law and legal actors, estimate differences in these interactions by neighborhood, gender, race and age to describe developmental trajectories of legal socialization by neighborhood, gender, race and age to assess influence of interactions with legal actors on legal socialization, assess mediating effects of neighborhood, family, and individual factors and to develop methods and measures for a longitudinal study of legal socialization of adolescents.Arts and belles-lettresPerceptions and attitudes directly influence our interpretation of literature and are formed as a product of our socialization. We all control a unique package of knowledge, memories, hopes and dreams. This knapsack acts as more than a depository of experiences it also serves as a foundation for our perspectives. Motivational speaker and author Stephen Covey said We are not military man beings on a spiritual journey . We are spiritual beings on a human journey. Literature has the power to direct this journey, to open roads that might not be traveled, and perhaps to change ones path. In the process of socialization the literature has the power to ignite the imagination, express beliefs in a way that may not be heard otherwise, and form impressions. Like as, the poem, Banalota Sen of Jibonanondo Das, makes us to see how a lady could posses the natural beauty in its actual mean. Literature can unlock a door to new cultures and ideas, expose peoples of all different backgrounds to imaginary or actual situations, and make the impossible become real thus helps people on socialization.Role standardA role model is a person whose behavior, example, or success is or can beemulated by others, especially by younger people. The term role model is credited to sociologist Robert K. Merton, who coined the phrase during his career. Merton hypothesized that individuals compare themselves with persona groups of people who occupy the social role to which the individual aspires. A persons chosen role models may have a colossal impact on their socialization. People try to act, behave and even try to lead their life according to their role model. In fact, the role model has a big impact on choosing their career.